Sharks
The Guardians of the Ocean
Sharks are the largest and most powerful predators in the seas. There is a surprising variety of sharks: more than 500 species, with different size, physical and attitudinal characteristics as well as different dietary habits. There are gigantic species like the whale shark and smaller sharks like the bottleneck shark. Some, such as the white shark are known for their power and agility, while others such as the nurse shark are distinguished by their calm nature and peaceful behavior.
Sharks are cartilaginous fish with a fascinating and often fearsome appearance. They have a hydrodynamic body, a skin covered with small scales called dermal plates. Their jaws are adorned with numerous rows of sharp teeth designed to grasp and tear the flesh of prey. Sharks have highly developed sight and sense of smell, which help them to locate their prey even from a long distance.
A paint of Pietro Sechi
All these characteristics have contributed to generate a sense of fear towards sharks. However, these creatures are not the killing machine as in the common imagination.
The film "Jaws", shot in 1975 by the famous director Steven Spielberg, helped shape the popular perception of sharks as dangerous predators. However, aware of the contribution that the film had in building this wrong and negative image of sharks, Spielberg subsequently supported various initiatives for their conservation.
While sharks are formidable predators in the marine environment, their attacks on humans are infrequent and are often attributed to misidentification. For instance, a shark might mistake a surfer for a sea turtle or a diver for a seal, leading to an unintended encounter. These misunderstandings can also be exacerbated by changes in the ecosystem, which may alter the sharks' natural hunting grounds and behaviors. However, it's important to recognize that not all shark attacks stem from intentional predatory behavior toward humans. There are studies, such as one conducted by the Cal State Long Beach on the eating habits of the great white shark, demonstrating that the human flesh is not very appetizing for them.
Humans play a critical role in maintaining a safe environment for both themselves and sharks. For instance, responsible management of fishing activities, waste disposal, and habitat protection can help prevent situations where sharks might meet humans in ways that lead to dangerous encounters.
In essence, fostering a respectful coexistence with sharks involves both understanding their natural behaviors and ensuring that we do not create conditions that make them feel cornered or threatened. By doing so, we can help minimize the instances of shark attacks and promote a safer and more balanced marine ecosystem.
Indeed, sharks are fascinating creatures that play a crucial role in marine ecosystems, maintaining the balance of populations of other species and contributing to the overall health of the oceans. Thanks to conservation efforts, scientific interest and growing awareness, we have sufficient information to see sharks in a more accurate light. Educating ourselves and others about the true nature of these magnificent animals is a critical step toward protecting them and us.
Through attentive conservation and protection measures, we will ensure that sharks continue to thrive in the oceans, benefiting the entire planet and continue being precious guardians of the marine ecosystems.